NetCDF (Network Common Data Form) is a set of software libraries and self-describing, machine-independent data formats that support the creation, access, and sharing of array-oriented scientific data. It is widely used in geosciences, climate research, oceanography, and atmospheric science for storing variables such as temperature, pressure, humidity, wind speed, and salinity. NetCDF files are designed to be portable across different platforms and programming languages. The format supports various data types, including integers, floating-point numbers, and characters. NetCDF files contain metadata that describes the data, including variable names, units, and dimensions. This metadata makes it easier to understand and use the data. The format also supports compression, which can significantly reduce file sizes. NetCDF is an open standard, and the libraries are freely available. The latest version of NetCDF is based on HDF5, providing enhanced performance and scalability. The self-describing nature of NetCDF files ensures that the data can be interpreted correctly even without prior knowledge of the file structure.